COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS OF LEAKAGE OF LIQUEFIED AMMONIA IN SHALLOW WATER

S. Lee; W.J. Lee; S. Lee

doi:10.6112/kscfe.2026.31.3.082

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2026 Vol.31, Issue 3 Preview Page Next Page

Original Article

COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS OF LEAKAGE OF LIQUEFIED AMMONIA IN SHALLOW WATER 암모니아의 천수 수중 누출 전산 해석 연구

30 September 2026. pp. 82-99

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Abstract

This study presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of liquefied ammonia leakage from a pressurized storage tank in shallow-water environments. As ammonia is increasingly considered a carbon-free marine fuel, understanding its leakage behavior and phase change characteristics is essential for safety assessment. Transient simulations were performed using ANSYS Fluent. The Eulerian multiphase model was applied to represent the interaction between seawater, air, liquid ammonia, and ammonia vapor, and the Lee Model was used to simulate the evaporation process. To investigate the influence of tank size on leakage behavior, three tank volumes (4, 8, and 16 m³) were analyzed under identical leakage conditions. A three-dimensional simulation for the 8 m³ case was first conducted and compared with a two-dimensional analysis, confirming that the 2D model can reasonably reproduce the early-stage leakage behavior. The results show that the tank pressure rapidly decreases after leakage and gradually approaches the surrounding hydrostatic pressure. Liquid ammonia mass decreases due to leakage and evaporation, while ammonia vapor increases and rises due to buoyancy. Larger tank volumes tend to exhibit relatively lower evaporation ratios under identical leakage conditions. These results provide fundamental data for evaluating ammonia leakage scenarios and safety assessments in marine environments.

Keywords

전산유체역학 (Computational fluid dynamics)

다상유동(Multi-phase flow)

암모니아 누출(Ammonia leakage)

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Information

Publisher :Korean Society for Computational Fluids Engineering
Publisher(Ko) :한국전산유체공학회
Journal Title :Journal of Computational Fluids Engineering
Journal Title(Ko) :한국전산유체공학회지
Volume : 31
No :3
Pages :82-99
Received Date : 2026-06-22
Revised Date : 2026-07-30
Accepted Date : 2026-08-07
DOI :https://doi.org/10.6112/kscfe.2026.31.3.082

Journal of Computational Fluids Engineering ISSN:1598-6071(Print) 3022-6252(Online) 한국전산유체공학회지

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